/* ==========================================================================
   Academic Journal Portal - Clean Institutional Theme
   Layout Faithful to User Architectural Diagram
   ========================================================================== */

:root {
    --color-bg: #f8fafc;
    --color-surface: #ffffff;
    --color-surface-subtle: #f1f5f9;
    --color-border: #cbd5e1;
    --color-border-subtle: #e2e8f0;
    
    /* Elegant Academic Navy & Crimson/Gold Accent */
    --color-primary: #0f2c42;        /* Classic Oxford Academic Blue */
    --color-primary-dark: #0a1f2e;
    --color-primary-light: #1e3a8a;
    --color-primary-tint: #eff6ff;

    --color-accent: #8b1d24;         /* Traditional Scholarly Maroon / Crimson */
    --color-accent-gold: #b45309;    /* Heritage Gold */

    --color-text: #1e293b;
    --color-text-muted: #475569;
    --color-text-light: #64748b;

    --font-heading: 'Lora', 'Playfair Display', Georgia, serif;
    --font-sans: 'Inter', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, sans-serif;

    --shadow-sm: 0 1px 3px rgba(15, 44, 66, 0.08);
    --shadow-md: 0 4px 14px rgba(15, 44, 66, 0.08);
    --radius-sm: 4px;
    --radius-md: 8px;
    --radius-lg: 12px;
}

*, *::before, *::after {
    box-sizing: border-box;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
}

body {
    background-color: var(--color-bg);
    color: var(--color-text);
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
    line-height: 1.6;
    -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
}

a {
    color: inherit;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.container {
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 1280px;
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
    padding-left: 20px;
    padding-right: 20px;
}

/* 1. Top Meta Header (Social Media & Search Bar in Top-Right as per sketch) */
.top-meta-header {
    background-color: var(--color-primary-dark);
    color: #cbd5e1;
    font-size: 12px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    padding: 6px 0;
}

.top-meta-inner {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 10px;
}

.meta-left {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 14px;
}

.issn-tag {
    font-family: monospace;
    font-weight: 600;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
    color: #93c5fd;
}

.inst-tag {
    opacity: 0.8;
}

.meta-right {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 16px;
}

.social-media-cluster {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 8px;
}

.social-label {
    font-size: 11px;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
    color: #94a3b8;
    font-weight: 600;
}

.social-icon {
    width: 22px;
    height: 22px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    color: #f8fafc;
    transition: all 0.2s ease;
}

.social-icon:hover {
    background: var(--color-accent);
    transform: translateY(-1px);
}

.social-icon svg {
    width: 12px;
    height: 12px;
}

.header-search-form {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    background: #ffffff;
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    overflow: hidden;
    height: 28px;
    box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,0.15);
}

.header-search-input {
    border: none;
    outline: none;
    padding: 4px 10px;
    font-size: 12px;
    width: 180px;
    color: #1e293b;
    font-family: var(--font-sans);
}

.header-search-btn {
    border: none;
    background: var(--color-accent);
    color: #ffffff;
    width: 28px;
    height: 28px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: background 0.2s ease;
}

.header-search-btn:hover {
    background: #a3222a;
}

.header-search-btn svg {
    width: 14px;
    height: 14px;
}

.header-lang-btn {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.15);
    color: #ffffff;
    padding: 3px 8px;
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    font-size: 11px;
    font-weight: 600;
    transition: background 0.2s ease;
}

.header-lang-btn:hover {
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
}

/* 2. Journal Name Banner (Top of diagram) */
.journal-banner {
    background: #ffffff;
    border-bottom: 2px solid #e2e8f0;
    padding: 22px 0;
}

.journal-banner-inner {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 20px;
}

.journal-logo-area {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 16px;
}

.journal-emblem {
    width: 52px;
    height: 52px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--color-primary), var(--color-accent));
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    color: #ffffff;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(15, 44, 66, 0.2);
}

.journal-emblem svg {
    width: 30px;
    height: 30px;
}

.journal-title {
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 28px;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--color-primary);
    line-height: 1.15;
    letter-spacing: -0.5px;
}

.journal-subtext {
    font-size: 13px;
    color: var(--color-text-muted);
    font-weight: 500;
    margin-top: 3px;
}

.journal-quick-badges {
    display: flex;
    gap: 12px;
}

.stat-badge {
    background: var(--color-surface-subtle);
    border: 1px solid var(--color-border-subtle);
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    padding: 6px 14px;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
}

.stat-val {
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 18px;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--color-accent);
}

.stat-lbl {
    font-size: 10px;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    color: var(--color-text-light);
    font-weight: 600;
    letter-spacing: 0.3px;
}

/* 3. Primary Nav Bar (Exact 8 items matching sketch) */
.primary-nav-bar {
    background-color: var(--color-primary);
    border-bottom: 3px solid var(--color-accent);
}

.nav-grid-menu {
    list-style: none;
    display: flex;
    align-items: stretch;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.nav-grid-menu li {
    flex: 1;
    min-width: 120px;
    text-align: center;
    border-right: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.12);
}

.nav-grid-menu li:last-child {
    border-right: none;
}

.nav-grid-menu li a {
    display: block;
    padding: 12px 10px;
    color: #e2e8f0;
    font-size: 13px;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-transform: capitalize;
    transition: all 0.2s ease;
    white-space: nowrap;
}

.nav-grid-menu li:hover a {
    background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    color: #ffffff;
}

.nav-grid-menu li.active a {
    background-color: var(--color-accent);
    color: #ffffff;
}

/* 4. Scrolling Line / Ticker (Marquee directly under menu) */
.scrolling-ticker-bar {
    background: #fff8e6;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #fed7aa;
    font-size: 13px;
    padding: 7px 0;
    color: #78350f;
}

.ticker-container {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 16px;
}

.ticker-label {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 6px;
    background: #b45309;
    color: #ffffff;
    font-size: 10px;
    font-weight: 700;
    padding: 3px 8px;
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    letter-spacing: 0.8px;
    white-space: nowrap;
}

.ticker-dot {
    width: 6px;
    height: 6px;
    background: #ffffff;
    border-radius: 50%;
    animation: pulse 1.5s infinite;
}

@keyframes pulse {
    0%, 100% { opacity: 1; }
    50% { opacity: 0.3; }
}

.ticker-content-wrapper {
    overflow: hidden;
    white-space: nowrap;
    position: relative;
    width: 100%;
}

.ticker-marquee {
    display: inline-block;
    padding-left: 100%;
    animation: marquee 28s linear infinite;
    font-weight: 500;
}

.ticker-sep {
    margin: 0 16px;
    color: #b45309;
}

@keyframes marquee {
    0% { transform: translate(0, 0); }
    100% { transform: translate(-100%, 0); }
}

/* 5. Main 3-Column Diagram Body Layout */
.diagram-main-layout {
    padding: 28px 0 60px;
}

.three-column-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 280px 1fr 280px;
    gap: 24px;
    align-items: start;
}

/* Left Sidebar (Top: 5 Menu Items, Bottom: Journal Indexed In) */
.left-sidebar {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 24px;
}

/* Left Sidebar: Top Menu Stack */
.stacked-menu-box {
    background: #ffffff;
    border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.stacked-menu-header {
    background: var(--color-primary);
    color: #ffffff;
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 15px;
    font-weight: 700;
    padding: 12px 16px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 8px;
}

.stacked-menu-header svg {
    width: 16px;
    height: 16px;
}

.stacked-nav-list {
    list-style: none;
}

.stacked-nav-item {
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border-subtle);
}

.stacked-nav-item:last-child {
    border-bottom: none;
}

.stacked-nav-link {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    padding: 12px 16px;
    font-size: 13px;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--color-primary);
    background: #ffffff;
    transition: all 0.2s ease;
}

.stacked-nav-link:hover {
    background: var(--color-primary-tint);
    color: var(--color-accent);
    padding-left: 20px;
}

.stacked-nav-link .arrow {
    color: var(--color-text-light);
    font-size: 12px;
}

/* Journal Indexed In (Left Column Bottom as in sketch) */
.indexing-box {
    background: #ffffff;
    border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.indexing-header {
    background: #1e3a8a;
    color: #ffffff;
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 15px;
    font-weight: 700;
    padding: 12px 16px;
}

.indexing-list {
    padding: 16px;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 12px;
}

.indexing-badge-card {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 12px;
    padding: 10px;
    background: var(--color-surface-subtle);
    border: 1px solid var(--color-border-subtle);
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    transition: transform 0.2s ease, border-color 0.2s ease;
}

.indexing-badge-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    border-color: #93c5fd;
    background: #ffffff;
}

.idx-icon {
    width: 32px;
    height: 32px;
    background: var(--color-primary);
    color: #ffffff;
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    font-weight: 700;
    font-size: 11px;
    shrink: 0;
}

.idx-info h5 {
    font-size: 12px;
    color: var(--color-primary);
    font-weight: 700;
}

.idx-info span {
    font-size: 11px;
    color: var(--color-text-muted);
}

/* Center Column (About Journal / Brahmyan Content) */
.center-content-area {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 24px;
}

.about-journal-card {
    background: #ffffff;
    border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    padding: 28px;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.journal-section-badge {
    display: inline-block;
    background: var(--color-primary-tint);
    color: var(--color-primary);
    border: 1px solid #bfdbfe;
    padding: 3px 10px;
    border-radius: 9999px;
    font-size: 11px;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
    margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.about-journal-title {
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 26px;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--color-primary);
    line-height: 1.3;
    margin-bottom: 14px;
}

.about-journal-title .highlight {
    color: var(--color-accent);
}

.about-journal-lead {
    font-size: 15px;
    line-height: 1.75;
    color: #334155;
    margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.about-journal-text {
    font-size: 14px;
    line-height: 1.8;
    color: #475569;
    margin-bottom: 24px;
}

/* Journal Key Parameters Table */
.journal-facts-table {
    width: 100%;
    border-collapse: collapse;
    margin: 20px 0;
    font-size: 13px;
}

.journal-facts-table tr {
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border-subtle);
}

.journal-facts-table tr:last-child {
    border-bottom: none;
}

.journal-facts-table th {
    text-align: left;
    padding: 8px 12px;
    background: var(--color-surface-subtle);
    color: var(--color-primary);
    font-weight: 600;
    width: 35%;
}

.journal-facts-table td {
    padding: 8px 12px;
    color: #334155;
}

/* Current Issue Highlights */
.current-issue-section {
    background: #ffffff;
    border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    padding: 24px;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.current-issue-header {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    padding-bottom: 14px;
    margin-bottom: 18px;
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--color-primary);
}

.current-issue-header h3 {
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 20px;
    color: var(--color-primary);
    font-weight: 700;
}

.view-all-link {
    font-size: 12px;
    color: var(--color-accent);
    font-weight: 600;
}

.view-all-link:hover {
    text-decoration: underline;
}

.article-list {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 16px;
}

.article-entry {
    padding: 14px;
    border: 1px solid var(--color-border-subtle);
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    background: #fafafa;
    transition: all 0.2s ease;
}

.article-entry:hover {
    border-color: #93c5fd;
    background: #ffffff;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.article-type-tag {
    font-size: 10px;
    background: #e2e8f0;
    color: var(--color-primary);
    font-weight: 700;
    padding: 2px 6px;
    border-radius: 3px;
    display: inline-block;
    margin-bottom: 6px;
    text-transform: uppercase;
}

.article-title-link {
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 15px;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: var(--color-primary);
    line-height: 1.35;
    margin-bottom: 6px;
    display: block;
}

.article-title-link:hover {
    color: var(--color-accent);
}

.article-meta-row {
    font-size: 12px;
    color: var(--color-text-muted);
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 12px;
    margin-top: 6px;
}

.article-actions {
    display: flex;
    gap: 10px;
    margin-top: 10px;
}

.btn-read-pdf {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 4px;
    font-size: 11px;
    font-weight: 600;
    padding: 4px 10px;
    border-radius: 3px;
    background: var(--color-primary);
    color: #ffffff;
    transition: background 0.2s ease;
}

.btn-read-pdf:hover {
    background: var(--color-accent);
}

/* Right Sidebar (6 Items from Bottom Right of sketch) */
.right-sidebar {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 24px;
}

.right-menu-box {
    background: #ffffff;
    border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}

.right-menu-header {
    background: var(--color-accent);
    color: #ffffff;
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 15px;
    font-weight: 700;
    padding: 12px 16px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 8px;
}

.right-nav-list {
    list-style: none;
}

.right-nav-item {
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border-subtle);
}

.right-nav-item:last-child {
    border-bottom: none;
}

.right-nav-link {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
    padding: 12px 16px;
    font-size: 13px;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--color-primary);
    background: #ffffff;
    transition: all 0.2s ease;
}

.right-nav-link:hover {
    background: #fdf2f2;
    color: var(--color-accent);
    padding-left: 20px;
}

.right-nav-link .arrow {
    color: var(--color-text-light);
    font-size: 12px;
}

/* Call For Papers Card */
.call-for-papers-card {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #0f2c42, #1e3a8a);
    color: #ffffff;
    padding: 20px;
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    text-align: center;
}

.call-for-papers-card h4 {
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 17px;
    margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.call-for-papers-card p {
    font-size: 12px;
    opacity: 0.9;
    line-height: 1.5;
    margin-bottom: 14px;
}

.btn-submit-manuscript {
    display: inline-block;
    background: var(--color-accent);
    color: #ffffff;
    font-weight: 700;
    font-size: 12px;
    padding: 8px 18px;
    border-radius: var(--radius-sm);
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.5px;
    transition: background 0.2s ease;
}

.btn-submit-manuscript:hover {
    background: #a3222a;
}

/* 6. Institutional Footer */
.site-footer {
    background: var(--color-primary-dark);
    color: #e2e8f0;
    padding: 48px 0 0;
    border-top: 4px solid var(--color-accent);
}

.footer-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 2fr 1fr 1fr 1fr;
    gap: 32px;
    padding-bottom: 40px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
}

.footer-brand-title {
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    font-size: 20px;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #ffffff;
    margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.footer-desc {
    font-size: 13px;
    line-height: 1.6;
    color: #94a3b8;
    margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.publisher-meta {
    font-size: 12px;
    color: #cbd5e1;
    line-height: 1.8;
}

.footer-col h4 {
    color: #ffffff;
    font-size: 13px;
    font-weight: 700;
    margin-bottom: 16px;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.6px;
}

.footer-links {
    list-style: none;
}

.footer-links li {
    margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.footer-links a {
    color: #94a3b8;
    font-size: 13px;
    transition: color 0.2s ease;
}

.footer-links a:hover {
    color: #ffffff;
}

.footer-bottom {
    background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
    padding: 16px 0;
    font-size: 12px;
    color: #94a3b8;
}

.footer-bottom-inner {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 8px;
}

/* Responsive adjustments */
@media (max-width: 1024px) {
    .three-column-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }
    .left-sidebar, .right-sidebar {
        grid-column: 1 / -1;
    }
    .nav-grid-menu li {
        flex: 1 1 25%;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .journal-banner-inner {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: flex-start;
    }
    .nav-grid-menu li {
        flex: 1 1 50%;
    }
    .footer-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .nav-grid-menu li {
        flex: 1 1 100%;
    }
    .footer-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }
}

/* ==========================================================================
   Modern UI Enhancement Layer
   - Preserves the existing information architecture and PHP behaviour
   - Adds responsive layouts, accessible controls, polished cards and themes
   ========================================================================== */

:root {
    --color-bg: #f4f7fb;
    --color-surface: #ffffff;
    --color-surface-subtle: #f7f9fc;
    --color-surface-elevated: #ffffff;
    --color-border: #dbe3ee;
    --color-border-subtle: #e8edf4;
    --color-primary: #12344d;
    --color-primary-dark: #0a2235;
    --color-primary-light: #245a7f;
    --color-primary-tint: #edf5fb;
    --color-accent: #9b2631;
    --color-accent-gold: #b97916;
    --color-text: #172433;
    --color-text-muted: #536274;
    --color-text-light: #7a8796;
    --shadow-sm: 0 2px 10px rgba(18, 52, 77, .07);
    --shadow-md: 0 10px 28px rgba(18, 52, 77, .10);
    --shadow-lg: 0 18px 48px rgba(18, 52, 77, .14);
    --radius-sm: 7px;
    --radius-md: 13px;
    --radius-lg: 18px;
    --content-width: 1360px;
    --focus-ring: 0 0 0 3px rgba(36, 90, 127, .22);
    color-scheme: light;
}

html {
    scroll-behavior: smooth;
    background: var(--color-bg);
}

html[data-theme="dark"] {
    --color-bg: #0b1118;
    --color-surface: #111a24;
    --color-surface-subtle: #16212d;
    --color-surface-elevated: #17232f;
    --color-border: #2a3a4a;
    --color-border-subtle: #22303e;
    --color-primary: #a8d0ec;
    --color-primary-dark: #07131f;
    --color-primary-light: #74b2d9;
    --color-primary-tint: #14283a;
    --color-accent: #ef7882;
    --color-accent-gold: #e4ad52;
    --color-text: #e7edf3;
    --color-text-muted: #b4c1cd;
    --color-text-light: #8d9baa;
    --shadow-sm: 0 2px 12px rgba(0,0,0,.20);
    --shadow-md: 0 12px 30px rgba(0,0,0,.28);
    --shadow-lg: 0 20px 55px rgba(0,0,0,.34);
    --focus-ring: 0 0 0 3px rgba(116,178,217,.25);
    color-scheme: dark;
}

body {
    min-width: 320px;
    background:
        radial-gradient(circle at 8% 0%, rgba(36, 90, 127, .07), transparent 28rem),
        radial-gradient(circle at 92% 8%, rgba(155, 38, 49, .045), transparent 24rem),
        var(--color-bg);
    color: var(--color-text);
    transition: background-color .25s ease, color .25s ease;
}

img { max-width: 100%; height: auto; }

::selection { background: rgba(155, 38, 49, .18); }

:focus-visible {
    outline: none;
    box-shadow: var(--focus-ring);
    border-radius: 5px;
}

.container {
    max-width: var(--content-width);
    padding-inline: clamp(16px, 2.2vw, 32px);
}

/* Top utility strip */
.top-meta-header {
    padding: 8px 0;
    background: linear-gradient(105deg, #081b2b, #12344d 65%, #1b425d);
    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.09);
}
.top-meta-inner { gap: 12px 22px; }
.meta-left, .meta-right { min-width: 0; }
.meta-left { gap: 10px 16px; }
.meta-right { gap: 10px; }
.inst-tag { white-space: nowrap; }

.theme-toggle {
    appearance: none;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.17);
    background: rgba(255,255,255,.08);
    color: #f8fafc;
    min-height: 30px;
    padding: 4px 9px;
    border-radius: 999px;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 6px;
    cursor: pointer;
    font: 600 11px/1 var(--font-sans);
    transition: transform .2s ease, background .2s ease, border-color .2s ease;
}
.theme-toggle:hover { transform: translateY(-1px); background: rgba(255,255,255,.16); }
.theme-icon { width: 14px; height: 14px; fill: none; stroke: currentColor; stroke-width: 1.8; }
.theme-icon-moon { display: none; fill: currentColor; stroke: none; }
html[data-theme="dark"] .theme-icon-sun { display: none; }
html[data-theme="dark"] .theme-icon-moon { display: block; }

.header-search-form {
    height: 34px;
    border-radius: 999px;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,.96);
    border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.2);
}
.header-search-input { width: clamp(150px, 16vw, 230px); height: 32px; }
.header-search-btn { width: 34px; height: 34px; border-radius: 0 999px 999px 0; }
.header-lang-btn { padding: 7px 10px; border-radius: 999px; }

/* Brand header */
.journal-banner {
    padding: clamp(18px, 3vw, 32px) 0;
    background: var(--color-surface);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border);
    box-shadow: 0 1px 0 rgba(18,52,77,.02);
}
.journal-banner-inner { gap: 24px; }
.journal-title { font-size: clamp(20px, 2.1vw, 30px) !important; letter-spacing: -.65px; }
.journal-subtext { font-size: 13px !important; }
.journal-banner img[alt="Akshay Prakashan"],
.journal-banner img[alt="Brahmagyan Research Analysis"] {
    width: clamp(58px, 5.5vw, 78px) !important;
    height: clamp(58px, 5.5vw, 78px) !important;
    box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(15,44,66,.12) !important;
}

/* Navigation */
.primary-nav-bar {
    position: sticky;
    top: 0;
    z-index: 50;
    background: rgba(18,52,77,.96);
    backdrop-filter: blur(12px);
    border-bottom: 2px solid var(--color-accent);
    box-shadow: 0 5px 18px rgba(7,25,39,.12);
}
.nav-grid-menu { gap: 2px; }
.nav-grid-menu li { min-width: 0; border-right: 0; }
.nav-grid-menu li a {
    padding: 13px 9px;
    border-radius: 7px;
    font-size: 12px;
}
.nav-grid-menu li.active a { box-shadow: inset 0 -2px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.35); }

/* News ticker */
.scrolling-ticker-bar {
    background: var(--color-surface-subtle);
    color: var(--color-text-muted);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border);
    padding: 8px 0;
}
.ticker-container { gap: 12px; }
.ticker-label { background: var(--color-accent-gold); border-radius: 999px; }
.ticker-content-wrapper { min-width: 0; }

/* Main 3-column architecture */
.diagram-main-layout { padding: clamp(20px, 3vw, 38px) 0 70px; }
.three-column-grid {
    grid-template-columns: minmax(210px, 270px) minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(210px, 270px);
    gap: clamp(16px, 2vw, 28px);
}
.stacked-menu-box, .indexing-box, .right-menu-box,
.about-journal-card, .current-issue-section {
    background: var(--color-surface);
    border-color: var(--color-border);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
    transition: box-shadow .25s ease, transform .25s ease, border-color .25s ease;
}
.stacked-menu-box:hover, .indexing-box:hover, .right-menu-box:hover,
.about-journal-card:hover, .current-issue-section:hover { box-shadow: var(--shadow-md); }

.stacked-nav-link, .right-nav-link {
    color: var(--color-text);
    background: var(--color-surface);
}
.stacked-nav-link:hover { background: var(--color-primary-tint); }
.right-nav-link:hover { background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--color-accent) 8%, var(--color-surface)); }

.about-journal-card, .current-issue-section { padding: clamp(20px, 2.5vw, 32px); }
.about-journal-title { font-size: clamp(23px, 2.2vw, 29px); }
.about-journal-lead, .about-journal-text { color: var(--color-text-muted); }
.journal-facts-table th { background: var(--color-surface-subtle); color: var(--color-primary); }
.journal-facts-table td { color: var(--color-text); }

.article-entry {
    background: var(--color-surface-subtle);
    border-color: var(--color-border-subtle);
    border-radius: 11px;
    padding: clamp(14px, 2vw, 18px);
}
.article-entry:hover { background: var(--color-surface); border-color: var(--color-primary-light); transform: translateY(-1px); }
.article-type-tag { background: var(--color-primary-tint); color: var(--color-primary); }
.article-title-link { color: var(--color-primary); font-size: clamp(15px, 1.4vw, 17px); }
.article-meta-row { color: var(--color-text-muted); }
.article-actions { align-items: center; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.btn-read-pdf, .btn-submit-manuscript { border-radius: 999px; padding: 7px 13px; }

.call-for-papers-card {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #0b2b43, #245a7f);
    border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.08);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-md);
}

/* Generic internal pages that previously relied on inline styling */
.page-container, .reader-container {
    padding: clamp(22px, 3vw, 48px) 0 70px;
}
.page-card, .reader-header, .reader-article {
    background: var(--color-surface);
    border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
    border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm);
}
.page-card { padding: clamp(22px, 3vw, 38px); }
.page-card + .page-card { margin-top: 22px; }
.page-title, .reader-title {
    font-family: var(--font-heading);
    color: var(--color-primary);
    line-height: 1.2;
    letter-spacing: -.35px;
}
.page-title { font-size: clamp(26px, 3vw, 38px); margin-bottom: 8px; }
.page-subtitle { color: var(--color-text-muted) !important; margin-bottom: 22px; line-height: 1.7; }
.page-card p, .page-card li { color: var(--color-text-muted); }
.page-card h2, .page-card h3, .page-card h4 { color: var(--color-primary); }

.editorial-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
    gap: 18px;
    margin-top: 28px;
}
.editorial-card {
    padding: 20px;
    background: var(--color-surface-subtle);
    border: 1px solid var(--color-border);
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    transition: transform .2s ease, box-shadow .2s ease, border-color .2s ease;
}
.editorial-card:hover { transform: translateY(-3px); box-shadow: var(--shadow-md); border-color: var(--color-primary-light); }
.editorial-card h4 { color: var(--color-primary); font-family: var(--font-heading); font-size: 17px; margin-bottom: 6px; }
.editorial-card .role { color: var(--color-accent); font-size: 12px; font-weight: 700; margin-bottom: 10px; }
.editorial-card p { color: var(--color-text-muted); font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.7; }

.reader-container .back-link {
    display: inline-flex;
    margin-bottom: 16px;
    color: var(--color-primary-light);
    font-weight: 700;
    font-size: 13px;
}
.reader-header { padding: clamp(22px, 4vw, 48px); margin-bottom: 18px; }
.reader-category { color: var(--color-accent); font-size: 12px; font-weight: 800; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .08em; margin-bottom: 10px; }
.reader-title { font-size: clamp(28px, 4vw, 46px); margin-bottom: 16px; }
.reader-authors { color: var(--color-text-muted); line-height: 1.7; }
.meta-badges { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 7px 12px; margin-top: 16px; color: var(--color-text-light); font-size: 12px; }
.reader-article { padding: clamp(22px, 5vw, 54px); max-width: 960px; margin: 0 auto; }
.abstract-box {
    background: var(--color-primary-tint) !important;
    border: 1px solid var(--color-border) !important;
    color: var(--color-text-muted) !important;
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
    padding: 18px 20px !important;
    margin-bottom: 32px;
}
.article-content { color: var(--color-text-muted); font-family: Georgia, var(--font-heading), serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.9; }
.article-content h2, .article-content h3 { color: var(--color-primary); font-family: var(--font-heading); line-height: 1.3; margin: 30px 0 12px; }
.article-content p { margin-bottom: 18px; }

/* Forms */
input, textarea, select {
    max-width: 100%;
    background: var(--color-surface) !important;
    color: var(--color-text) !important;
    border-color: var(--color-border) !important;
}
input:focus, textarea:focus, select:focus { box-shadow: var(--focus-ring); border-color: var(--color-primary-light) !important; outline: none; }
textarea { resize: vertical; min-height: 120px; }
button, input, textarea, select { font: inherit; }
.search-btn {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--color-primary), var(--color-primary-light)) !important;
    color: #fff !important;
    border: 0;
    padding: 11px 18px;
    font-weight: 700;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: transform .2s ease, box-shadow .2s ease;
}
.search-btn:hover { transform: translateY(-1px); box-shadow: var(--shadow-sm); }

/* Footer */
.site-footer { padding-top: 52px; }
.footer-grid { gap: 34px; }
.footer-links a { color: #a9b7c4; }
.footer-links a:hover { color: #fff; }

/* Respect reduced motion preferences */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
    *, *::before, *::after {
        scroll-behavior: auto !important;
        animation-duration: .01ms !important;
        animation-iteration-count: 1 !important;
        transition-duration: .01ms !important;
    }
}

/* Tablet */
@media (max-width: 1100px) {
    .three-column-grid { grid-template-columns: 230px minmax(0,1fr); }
    .right-sidebar { grid-column: 1 / -1; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; align-items: start; }
    .right-sidebar .right-menu-box { grid-row: span 2; }
    .right-sidebar .stacked-menu-box { align-self: stretch; }
    .right-sidebar .call-for-papers-card { height: 100%; }
    .editorial-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0,1fr)); }
}
@media (max-width: 820px) {
    .top-meta-inner { align-items: flex-start; }
    .meta-left { flex: 1 1 100%; }
    .meta-right { width: 100%; justify-content: flex-start; flex-wrap: wrap; }
    .social-label { display: none; }
    .header-search-form { flex: 1 1 240px; }
    .header-search-input { width: 100%; }
    .theme-toggle-label { display: none; }
    .journal-banner-inner { justify-content: center !important; text-align: center; }
    .journal-banner-inner > div:first-child,
    .journal-banner-inner > div:last-child { display: none !important; }
    .three-column-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .left-sidebar, .right-sidebar { grid-column: auto; }
    .left-sidebar { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; align-items: start; }
    .right-sidebar { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
    .footer-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0,1fr)); }
    .editorial-grid { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0,1fr)); }
}
@media (max-width: 620px) {
    .top-meta-header { padding: 7px 0; }
    .issn-tag { font-size: 10px; }
    .inst-tag { display: none; }
    .meta-right { gap: 7px; }
    .social-media-cluster { gap: 5px; }
    .social-icon { width: 26px; height: 26px; }
    .header-search-form { order: 3; flex-basis: 100%; }
    .header-lang-btn { margin-left: auto; }
    .primary-nav-bar { position: relative; }
    .nav-grid-menu { overflow-x: auto; flex-wrap: nowrap; justify-content: flex-start; scrollbar-width: thin; padding-block: 3px; }
    .nav-grid-menu li { flex: 0 0 auto; }
    .nav-grid-menu li a { padding: 10px 12px; }
    .ticker-label { font-size: 9px; }
    .ticker-content-wrapper { font-size: 11px; }
    .left-sidebar, .right-sidebar { display: flex; }
    .current-issue-header { align-items: flex-start; gap: 12px; flex-direction: column; }
    .article-meta-row { gap: 5px 9px; }
    .page-card, .reader-header, .reader-article { border-radius: 12px; }
    .editorial-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .footer-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
    .footer-bottom-inner { flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; }
}
@media (max-width: 420px) {
    .container { padding-inline: 13px; }
    .journal-title { font-size: 19px !important; }
    .journal-banner { padding-block: 18px; }
    .about-journal-card, .current-issue-section { padding: 18px; }
    .article-actions { align-items: flex-start; flex-direction: column; }
    .btn-read-pdf { width: 100%; justify-content: center; }
    .page-card { padding: 18px; }
}

/* Dark theme refinements for legacy inline colours */
html[data-theme="dark"] .journal-banner [style*="color: #0f2c42"],
html[data-theme="dark"] .journal-banner [style*="color:#0f2c42"] { color: var(--color-text) !important; }
html[data-theme="dark"] .journal-banner [style*="color: #64748b"],
html[data-theme="dark"] .journal-banner [style*="color:#64748b"] { color: var(--color-text-light) !important; }
html[data-theme="dark"] .page-card [style*="#334155"],
html[data-theme="dark"] .page-card [style*="#475569"],
html[data-theme="dark"] .page-card [style*="#2c3e35"] { color: var(--color-text-muted) !important; }
html[data-theme="dark"] .page-card [style*="#0f2c42"] { color: var(--color-primary) !important; }
html[data-theme="dark"] .page-card [style*="#fff"] { color: #fff !important; }
html[data-theme="dark"] .page-card form { background: var(--color-surface-subtle) !important; }

/* Better dark-mode borders/backgrounds for remaining legacy components */
html[data-theme="dark"] .journal-facts-table tr,
html[data-theme="dark"] .stacked-nav-item,
html[data-theme="dark"] .right-nav-item { border-color: var(--color-border-subtle); }
html[data-theme="dark"] .header-search-input { color: #172433 !important; }

/* ==========================================================================
   FINAL RESPONSIVE + HAMBURGER OVERRIDES
   ========================================================================== */

html, body { max-width: 100%; overflow-x: hidden; }
body { min-width: 320px; }
img, table, iframe, video { max-width: 100%; }

/* Mobile hamburger navigation */
.nav-container { position: relative; display: flex; align-items: center; min-height: 54px; }
.nav-toggle {
    display: none; width: 44px; height: 44px; margin-left: auto; padding: 0;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.2); border-radius: 10px;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,.08); color: #fff;
    align-items: center; justify-content: center; flex-direction: column;
    cursor: pointer;
}
.nav-toggle span { display:block; width:21px; height:2px; margin:3px 0; border-radius:3px; background:#fff; transition:transform .22s ease, opacity .22s ease; }
.nav-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] span:nth-child(1) { transform:translateY(8px) rotate(45deg); }
.nav-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] span:nth-child(2) { opacity:0; }
.nav-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] span:nth-child(3) { transform:translateY(-8px) rotate(-45deg); }
.nav-menu-wrap { width:100%; }

/* Never allow long journal titles, URLs, email addresses or article names to break the viewport. */
.journal-title, .article-title-link, .page-title, .reader-title, .article-content, .page-card, .reader-article { overflow-wrap:anywhere; word-break:break-word; }

@media (max-width: 1100px) {
    .container { padding-left:clamp(14px, 2.5vw, 28px); padding-right:clamp(14px, 2.5vw, 28px); }
    .three-column-grid { grid-template-columns:minmax(200px,250px) minmax(0,1fr); }
    .right-sidebar { grid-column:1 / -1; display:grid; grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr)); }
    .footer-grid { grid-template-columns:2fr 1fr 1fr; }
}

@media (max-width: 900px) {
    .top-meta-inner { align-items:flex-start; }
    .meta-right { width:100%; justify-content:flex-start; flex-wrap:wrap; }
    .header-search-form { flex:1 1 220px; width:auto; min-width:0; }

    .journal-banner-inner { flex-wrap:wrap !important; justify-content:center !important; text-align:center; }
    .journal-banner-inner > div:first-child,
    .journal-banner-inner > div:last-child { display:none !important; }
    .journal-banner-inner > div:nth-child(2) { flex:1 1 100% !important; min-width:0 !important; }

    .nav-container { min-height:56px; }
    .nav-toggle { display:flex; }
    .nav-menu-wrap {
        display:none; position:absolute; top:100%; left:0; right:0; width:auto;
        max-height:calc(100vh - 58px); overflow-y:auto; overflow-x:hidden;
        padding:8px; background:rgba(9,31,46,.99);
        border:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.12); border-top:0;
        border-radius:0 0 14px 14px; box-shadow:0 20px 40px rgba(0,0,0,.25);
    }
    .nav-menu-wrap.is-open { display:block; }
    .nav-grid-menu { display:grid; grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr)); gap:5px; padding:0; }
    .nav-grid-menu li { min-width:0; width:100%; }
    .nav-grid-menu li a { min-height:46px; padding:10px 9px; white-space:normal; line-height:1.25; }

    .three-column-grid { grid-template-columns:1fr; }
    .left-sidebar, .right-sidebar { grid-column:auto; }
    .left-sidebar, .right-sidebar { display:grid; grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr)); }
    .footer-grid { grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr)); }
}

@media (max-width: 620px) {
    .container { padding-left:13px; padding-right:13px; }
    .top-meta-header { padding:7px 0; }
    .top-meta-inner { gap:8px; }
    .meta-left { width:100%; justify-content:space-between; }
    .inst-tag, .social-label { display:none; }
    .meta-right { width:100%; gap:7px; }
    .header-search-form { order:3; flex:1 1 100%; width:100%; }
    .header-search-input { width:100%; }
    .theme-toggle-label { display:none; }
    .header-lang-btn { margin-left:auto; }

    .journal-banner { padding:18px 0; }
    .journal-title { font-size:clamp(19px,6vw,27px) !important; }

    .nav-grid-menu { grid-template-columns:1fr; }
    .nav-grid-menu li a { justify-content:flex-start; text-align:left; padding-left:15px; padding-right:15px; }
    .nav-menu-wrap { max-height:calc(100vh - 58px); }

    .ticker-container { gap:8px; }
    .ticker-content-wrapper { min-width:0; }
    .ticker-marquee { font-size:11px; }

    .left-sidebar, .right-sidebar { display:flex; flex-direction:column; }
    .current-issue-header { flex-direction:column; align-items:flex-start; gap:10px; }
    .article-meta-row { gap:5px 9px; }
    .article-actions { flex-direction:column; align-items:stretch; }
    .btn-read-pdf { width:100%; justify-content:center; }
    .editorial-grid, .footer-grid { grid-template-columns:1fr; }
    .footer-bottom-inner { flex-direction:column; align-items:flex-start; }

    /* Tables become safely scrollable instead of forcing the viewport wider. */
    .journal-facts-table { display:block; overflow-x:auto; -webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch; }
    .journal-facts-table th { min-width:125px; }
    .reader-article, .reader-header, .page-card { padding:18px !important; }
}

@media (max-width: 390px) {
    .container { padding-left:11px; padding-right:11px; }
    .journal-title { font-size:19px !important; }
    .nav-grid-menu li a { font-size:12px; }
    .nav-toggle { width:42px; height:42px; }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
    *, *::before, *::after { animation-duration:.01ms !important; animation-iteration-count:1 !important; transition-duration:.01ms !important; scroll-behavior:auto !important; }
}

/* ============================================================================
   FINAL NAVIGATION SYSTEM
   Real responsive hamburger menu + no horizontal overflow
   ============================================================================ */

html, body {
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 100%;
    overflow-x: hidden;
}

body.nav-open {
    overflow: hidden;
}

.nav-container {
    position: relative;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    min-height: 56px;
}

/* Desktop: normal horizontal navigation */
.nav-menu-wrap {
    width: 100%;
}

.nav-grid-menu {
    width: 100%;
    display: flex;
    align-items: stretch;
    justify-content: stretch;
    flex-wrap: nowrap;
    gap: 3px;
    list-style: none;
}

.nav-grid-menu li {
    flex: 1 1 0;
    min-width: 0;
}

.nav-grid-menu li a {
    width: 100%;
    min-height: 48px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    text-align: center;
    padding: 10px 8px;
    white-space: normal;
    line-height: 1.25;
    overflow-wrap: anywhere;
}

/* Hamburger button */
.nav-toggle {
    display: none;
    appearance: none;
    -webkit-appearance: none;
    flex: 0 0 46px;
    width: 46px;
    height: 46px;
    margin-left: auto;
    padding: 0;
    border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.22);
    border-radius: 12px;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,.09);
    color: #fff;
    cursor: pointer;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 5px;
    box-shadow: 0 6px 18px rgba(0,0,0,.16);
    transition: background .2s ease, border-color .2s ease, transform .2s ease;
}

.nav-toggle:hover,
.nav-toggle:focus-visible {
    background: rgba(255,255,255,.16);
    border-color: rgba(255,255,255,.38);
}

.nav-toggle:active {
    transform: scale(.96);
}

.nav-toggle span {
    display: block;
    width: 22px;
    height: 2px;
    flex: 0 0 2px;
    border-radius: 999px;
    background: #fff;
    transform-origin: center;
    transition: transform .22s ease, opacity .18s ease;
}

.nav-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] span:nth-child(1) {
    transform: translateY(7px) rotate(45deg);
}

.nav-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] span:nth-child(2) {
    opacity: 0;
}

.nav-toggle[aria-expanded="true"] span:nth-child(3) {
    transform: translateY(-7px) rotate(-45deg);
}

/* Make the menu usable on tablets and phones */
@media (max-width: 1024px) {
    .primary-nav-bar {
        position: sticky;
        top: 0;
        z-index: 1000;
    }

    .nav-container {
        min-height: 58px;
    }

    .nav-toggle {
        display: inline-flex;
    }

    .nav-menu-wrap {
        display: none;
        position: absolute;
        z-index: 1001;
        top: calc(100% + 1px);
        left: 0;
        right: 0;
        width: auto;
        max-height: min(72vh, 620px);
        overflow-x: hidden;
        overflow-y: auto;
        padding: 10px;
        background: rgba(7, 25, 39, .985);
        border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.14);
        border-top: 0;
        border-radius: 0 0 16px 16px;
        box-shadow: 0 22px 50px rgba(0,0,0,.30);
        -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch;
    }

    .nav-menu-wrap.is-open {
        display: block;
    }

    .nav-grid-menu {
        display: grid;
        grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
        gap: 7px;
        width: 100%;
    }

    .nav-grid-menu li {
        width: 100%;
        min-width: 0;
    }

    .nav-grid-menu li a {
        min-height: 52px;
        width: 100%;
        justify-content: flex-start;
        text-align: left;
        padding: 12px 14px;
        border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.08);
        border-radius: 10px;
        background: rgba(255,255,255,.045);
        color: #eaf1f7;
        font-size: 13px;
    }

    .nav-grid-menu li:hover a {
        background: rgba(255,255,255,.10);
        color: #fff;
    }

    .nav-grid-menu li.active a {
        background: var(--color-accent);
        border-color: transparent;
        color: #fff;
        box-shadow: none;
    }

    /* Keep the page architecture readable before stacking everything. */
    .three-column-grid {
        grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(0, 1fr);
    }

    .center-content-area {
        grid-column: 1 / -1;
        grid-row: 1;
    }

    .left-sidebar {
        grid-column: 1;
        grid-row: 2;
    }

    .right-sidebar {
        grid-column: 2;
        grid-row: 2;
    }

    .footer-grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0,1fr));
    }
}

/* Phones */
@media (max-width: 680px) {
    .container {
        padding-inline: 14px;
    }

    .top-meta-inner,
    .meta-right {
        width: 100%;
    }

    .meta-left {
        width: 100%;
    }

    .meta-right {
        justify-content: flex-start;
        flex-wrap: wrap;
    }

    .header-search-form {
        order: 10;
        flex: 1 1 100%;
        width: 100%;
        min-width: 0;
    }

    .header-search-input {
        width: 100%;
        min-width: 0;
    }

    .journal-banner-inner {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: center;
        text-align: center;
    }

    .journal-title {
        max-width: 100%;
        font-size: clamp(19px, 6vw, 27px) !important;
    }

    .journal-quick-badges {
        width: 100%;
        justify-content: center;
        flex-wrap: wrap;
    }

    .nav-container {
        min-height: 56px;
    }

    .nav-toggle {
        width: 44px;
        height: 44px;
        flex-basis: 44px;
    }

    .nav-menu-wrap {
        max-height: calc(100vh - 58px);
        padding: 9px;
    }

    .nav-grid-menu {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 6px;
    }

    .nav-grid-menu li a {
        min-height: 50px;
        font-size: 13px;
        padding: 12px 15px;
    }

    .three-column-grid,
    .left-sidebar,
    .right-sidebar,
    .editorial-grid,
    .footer-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .center-content-area,
    .left-sidebar,
    .right-sidebar {
        grid-column: 1;
        grid-row: auto;
    }

    .left-sidebar,
    .right-sidebar {
        display: flex;
        flex-direction: column;
    }

    .current-issue-header {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: flex-start;
        gap: 10px;
    }

    .article-actions {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: stretch;
    }

    .btn-read-pdf,
    .btn-submit-manuscript {
        width: 100%;
        justify-content: center;
        text-align: center;
    }

    .journal-facts-table {
        display: block;
        overflow-x: auto;
        white-space: nowrap;
        -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch;
    }

    .reader-article,
    .reader-header,
    .page-card,
    .about-journal-card,
    .current-issue-section {
        padding: 18px !important;
        max-width: 100%;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 420px) {
    .container {
        padding-inline: 11px;
    }

    .ticker-container {
        gap: 7px;
    }

    .ticker-label {
        padding-inline: 7px;
    }

    .ticker-content-wrapper {
        font-size: 11px;
    }

    .social-icon {
        width: 26px;
        height: 26px;
    }
}

/* Long content must never create horizontal page scrolling. */
.journal-title,
.journal-subtext,
.page-title,
.page-subtitle,
.reader-title,
.reader-authors,
.article-title-link,
.article-content,
.page-card,
.reader-article,
.about-journal-card,
.current-issue-section,
.indexing-badge-card,
.stacked-nav-link,
.right-nav-link,
.footer-desc,
.publisher-meta {
    overflow-wrap: anywhere;
    word-break: break-word;
}

iframe,
video,
svg,
canvas {
    max-width: 100%;
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
    .nav-toggle span,
    .nav-toggle,
    .nav-menu-wrap {
        transition: none !important;
    }
}